Himalaya & Plate Tectonic
- continental drift, 50MYA collision w/ Eurasian
- CCC - orogeny
- Subduction & suture zone formation
- tethys sea oceanic crust subducted beneath eurasian plate
- Indus-Tsangpo suture zone - site of collision
- Crustal shortening, uplift, folding of sediments
- process continues even today
- variation in himalayan structure
- shivalik, lesser himalaya, greater himalaya, trans himalaya
- 4cm/yr northword movement of indian plate & elevation 1cm/yr
Soil
What is soil?
biologically active, uppermost layer of Earth’s crust, made of organic matter, minerals, water
factors influencing formation
- climate
- parent material
- topography
- biotic: vegetation, organisms
- time